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Titre: Utilisation de l’Analyse Multirésolution pour la Caractérisation des Images Texturées

Auteurs: Mr. BOUDGHENE STAMBOULI Tarik

Ecole/Université: Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d’Oran « Mohamed Boudiaf »

Résumé: L’objet de cette thèse est de rechercher des méthodes permettant la caractérisation des Tissus à travers l’analyse de leur Texture. Après avoir fait l’Etat de l’art sur la notion de texture, il s’est avéré que l’Analyse Multi Résolution est un moyen efficace permettant la mise en évidence d’éléments pertinents dans une image texturée. Pour cela, nous avons ainsi mis au point les outils mathématiques nécessaires. En particulier, nous montrons comment passer des outils de décomposition des signaux à une dimension à la décomposition des images. Nous avons également implémenté des méthodes de Classification dont certaines utilisent des Réseaux de Neurones permettant, sur la base des éléments pertinents, de regrouper les images texturées en fonction de leur similarité. Après avoir appliqué tous ces outils à des bases de données constituées d’images texturées, nous avons dégagé les combinaisons les plus performantes. Les performances sont calculées à l’aide de critères tels que les Taux d’Erreurs, Seuil d’altérabilité et Efficacité d’Archivage.

Extrait du sommaire:
Introduction Générale. 5
Chapitre I. Etat de l’art sur la notion de texture 8
I Introduction 9
II Domaines d’Application de l’Analyse de Texture 9
III Définitions 10
IV Caractérisation des Textures 11
IV – 1 Macrotexture 11
IV – 2 Microtexture 12
V Différentes Approches de la Texture 12
V – 1 L’Approche Structurelle. 13
V – 2 L’Approche Statistique. 13
V – 3 L’Approche Spectrale 17
VI Conclusion 20
VII Bibliographie 21
Chapitre II. Outils de décomposition 23
I Introduction 24
II Stationnarité des signaux 24
III Analyse des signaux 25
III – 1 Transformée de Fourier. 25
III – 2 Transformée de Fourier à court terme. 25
III – 3 Transformée de Gabor. 27
III – 4 Transformée en Ondelettes 29
III – 5 Conclusion. 46
IV Décomposition des images 47
IV – 1 Les deux principales approches 47
IV – 2 Transformée en Ondelettes Séparable (TOS) 47
IV – 3 Décompositions non séparables 48
IV – 4 Conclusion 56
V Conclusion du chapitre 56
VI Bibliographie 57
Chapitre III. Méthodes de Classification. 60
I Introduction 61
II Différents Types de Classification 61
II – 1 Classification Automatique 62
II – 2 Classification Linéaire 63
II – 3 Classification Discriminante (Classification Bayesienne) 65
III Les Techniques de Classification. 70
III – 1 Classification Supervisée 70
III – 2 Classification Non Supervisée 72
IV Classification des Images 73
IV – 1 Ensemble de Pixels 73
IV – 2 Champs de Markov 74
IV – 3 Décompositions Multi résolution 76
IV – 4 Réseaux de Neurones 78
V Performances 84
V – 1 Essais de Classification 84
V – 2 Taux d’erreurs 84
V – 3 Efficacité de Recouvrement (Retrieval Efficiency) 84
V – 4 Matrice de confusion 85
VI Conclusion 86
VII Bibliographie 87
Chapitre IV. Classification d’images de l’album de Brodatz 88
I Introduction 89
II Décomposition MultiResolution des Images. 89
II – 1 Trois niveaux de résolution 89
II – 2 Décomposition par TOS 89
II – 3 Décomposition par TONS 90
II – 4 Décomposition par TG 90
II – 5 Programmes mis en oeuvre 90
II – 6 Conclusion 91
III Essais de Classification avec et sans altération 91
III – 1 But de l’expérience 91
III – 2 Constitution de Classes d’Images et altération 91
III – 3 Décomposition et extraction d’attributs 92
III – 4 Outils de Classification 93
III – 5 Simulations et résultats 93
III – 6 Programmes mis en oeuvre 95
III – 7 Conclusion. 95
IV Taux d’erreur et Courbes de Retrieval (NFL et influence du Kurtosis et Skewness) 96
IV – 1 But de l’expérience 96
IV – 2 Constitution de Classes d’Images 96
IV – 3 Décomposition, extraction d’attributs et classification. 96
IV – 4 Résultats 97
IV – 5 Programmes mis en oeuvre 99
IV – 6 Conclusion 99
V Taux d’erreur et Courbes de Retrieval (NFL vs Bayes) 99
V – 1 But de l’expérience. 99
V – 2 Performances 99
V – 3 Programmes mis en oeuvre 101
V – 4 Conclusion 101
VI Bibliographie 102
Conclusion Générale et Perspectives 104
Annexe I : Programmes de Conception des filtres. 107
Descriptifs des Programmes 108
Aides des programmes principaux. 109
Atroufilter 109
Bezout 109
Daubfilt 109
Biofilts 109
Specfact 110
Scale. 110
Wavelt 110
Annexe II: Album de Brodatz (Extrait) 111
Annexe III : Programmes de Démonstration. 113
Annexe IV : Programmes de Calcul de vecteur d’attribut. 115

Ondelettes et traitement du signal et d’image 19

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